John b



UNITED STATES. PATENT N JOHN B. ROOT, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

`nviPaOvlaD BORING AND PUMPING APPARATUS FOROILwELLs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 58,299, dated September 25, 1836 g antcdated September 10,1866.

To all whom it mail concern;

Be it known that I, JOHN B. ROOT, ot' the l city, county, and State ot' N ew York, have in- 'and other Artesian Wells; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical section of an apparatus constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is al vertical section of thc steam-cylinder and its supporting-platforin and guides at right angles to Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures.

The object of, this invention is the direct application of steam-power to thc working of the`boring-tools for boring oil and other Artesian wells, and to the working ot the pumps of such wells; and to this end it consists in such a combination of a horizontal movable steam-engine with a derrick and with the boring-bar or drill-rod and pump as is suitable for the purpose.

To enable others skilled in the art to apply my invention to use, l will proceed to describe it, with reference to the drawings.

A represents the lower part ot' the framing of a derrick, such as is commonly used for boring and working the pumps of oil-wells, eX- cept that it is provided at a suitable height from the ground with a stationary horizontal platform, D, for the support of the vertical cylinderB ofthe steam-engine, which is iitted between guides o o on the said platform.

C represents the upper part otl the bore of the well, and E the upper part of the tubing.

rIhe cylinder B, open at the top but closed at the bottom, except that it has a central stuffing-box, a, for the passage of the pistonrod b of its working-piston I, is so constructed and arranged upon the platform D, between the guides o o, that it can be bolted or otherwise firmly secured thereon in a position centrally overthe bore of the well, as shown in black outline in the drawings, and that it can, on being nnbolted or having its fastenings removed, be moved aside sutliciently far, as

shown in red outline, to prevent it from offering any obstruction to the withdrawal of the boring-tools, the tubing, or the pump whenever it is desirable to do so, such withdrawal being effected by the hoisting apparatus commonly employed on or in connection with the derrick for the purpose, or by other suitable means.

l The guides o o insure the return ot the cylinder to a position centrally over the bore when the apparatus is to be set in operation. The lower end of the piston-rod is provided with a slip-joint, o, of any suitable construction,for the connection and easy Vdisconnection of theboring-bar or drill-rod, of the rope for workin g the same, or of the pumprod d, whenever necessary for the removal of the cylinder to the position shown in red outline, or for any other purpose.

The cylinder B may be itted with any suitable valve and valve-gear that will effect the induction ot the steam to the lower part ot' the cylinder for the purpose ot raising the piston, and thereby lifting the boring-bar or pump-rod, and its subsequent eduction to permit the piston and boring-bar or pumprod to descend by its own weight aided by that of the piston, the piston, if necessary, being loaded to facilitate this descent. As, however, 1 know of no nvalve-gear suited for the pur pose, I have invented that which .is herein represented and which is described as follows:

Fis an upright cylindrical valve-chest sea cured to or cast on the lower part of the cyl inder B, and communicating with the cylinder by means of two side ports, c and f, one close to the bottom of the cylinder and the other a short distance above, and also by means of a pipe, h, which connects the top of the said valve-chest with the upper part of thecylini der. The said valve-chest has near the bottom an induction-port, g', with which is. connected the steam-pipe g, which conducts the steam from the boiler, and somedistance above this pipe it has an exhaust-port, i, leadlin g to the atmosphere or to 'a condenser.

G is a piston-valve lttedto the valve-chest, and having its stem j working through a stuflngbox, le, in the bottom of the said chest. This valve should either. be heavy enough to as shown at w, as to cause its descent when not held up by steam-pressure below.

The operation is as follows: While the pist0n I is descending the valve G rest-s on the bottom of the valve-chest F, as shown in Fig. 1, keeping the port g closed, and the steam escapes from the lower part of the cylinder through the port f, the upper part of the valvechest, and the port t'until the piston closes port f, and so shuts into the cylinder a quantity of steam, which is compressed by the further descent of the piston, and forced through the port e into the bottom of the valve-chest, and thereby caused to star-t the valve upward, thus opening the port g and admitting steam from the `boilerthrough the valve-chest to the cylinder. ',Ihe steam thus admitted from the boiler lifts the valve to the top of the valvechest, thereby closing the port f, and drives up the working-piston I till its lower -edge passes the lower edge of the port h,'with which the-pipe 7L is connected, and sopermits the escape of the steam from the cylinder into the upper part of the valve-chest. The steam being now above and below the valve, the latter is placed in equilibrio, so far as the pressure of steam is considered, and is left free to drop,

by its own weight or under the influence of the load on its stem, down to the bottom of the valve-chest, thereby opening the ports f and i and closing the port g. The steam being now shut off from the cylinder, but being free to escape through the port h', pipe h, port f, the upper part of the valve-chest, and the port z', the piston is permitted to descend freely,

and is caused to move downward by the weight of the boring-tool or pump piston and rod, aided by its own Weight, and after it has passed the port h the free escape still permitted through the port f allows it to continue its descent very rapidly until after it passes the port f, and so stops further escape, after which the steam shut in the cylinder below the piston checks vthe further descent, and

by being compressed through the port e is made to raise the valve, as before described, and s0 effect the admission of the steam through the port g to the valve-chest and cylinder,

and the piston and the attached borin g-bar or pump-rod are again raised, as before described. The steam being thus alternately admitted to and allowed to exhaust from the cylinder below the piston produces a regular reciprocating movement of the piston, and thereby produces the operation of the boring-tool or pump.

The above-described valve and valve-gear are not to be considered as parts of this invention, but are merely described for the purpose of illustrating a practical method of car rying out the invention.

What I claim asmy invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The combination of the horizontally-mova-` ble direct-action steam-engine, the horizontal platform and guides on the derrick, andthe boring-bar or drill-rod and pump, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

JOHN B. ROOT.

Witnesses:

HENRY T. BROWN, J. W. CooMBs. 

